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Elemental Compositions and Size Distributions of PM Between Urban and Rural Site in Beijing During the Spring of 2012

Yongjie Yang1, Yue Yu1, Rui Zhou1, Zhiqiang Ma2, Lijun Ren1, Lejian Zhang3 and Yi'an Di1,*

1National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, Beijing 100029, P.R. China

2Beijing Urban Meteorological Engineering Technology Research Center, Beijing 100089, P.R. China

3Meteorological Observation Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, P.R. China

*Corresponding author: E-mail: yyj800308@163.com
Abstract

Particulate matter samples were collected by Thermo Scientific Andersen impactors in order to investigate the characteristic of size distributions and elemental compositions of particulate matter between urban and rural region in Beijing. The concentrations of 23 elements including Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Cd, Ba, Tl, Pb, Th and U were detected by ICP-MS. The results showed that the total concentration of the elements at urban site detected was 38001.5 ng m-3, which was 1.4 times higher than that at rural site. The concentration of pollution elements Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As and Pb at urban site were 71, 34, 58, 411.1, 10.2 and 202.4 ng m-3 in the fine particles and 70.2, 38.6, 46.5, 298.3, 5.0 and 51.5 ng m-3 in the coarse particles, 1.2-2.0 times higher and 1.0-1.8 times higher than those at rural site, respectively. Then, it was found that Al, Ca, Mg, Fe, Ba, Th and Sr were mainly associated with coarse particles with a peak at 4.7-5.8 μm, Cd, As, Tl and Pb were found to be most dominant in fine particles with the peak at 0.43-1.1 μm and Na, K, Ni, V, Zn, Cr, Se, Co, Mo, Cu, Mn and U had a multi-mode distribution, with peaks at 0.43 to 1.1 μm and 4.7 to 5.8 μm. Investigation using backward air mass trajectory cluster analysis indicates that the air masses (61.1 %) reaching urban site and (59.6 %) reaching rural site originated from the south and southeast of the sites.
Keywords

Particulate matter, Size distribution, Enrichment factor.
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